what is induction static electricity

This charge can be suddenly discharged (such as when a lightning bolt flashes through the sky) or it … There are several activities in this chapter which illustrate the effects of static electricity. Static charged objects create an electric field that interacts with other charged objects around it. Static electricity is what makes your hair stand up when you rub a balloon against it or gives you a shock from your doorknob. It is used in computer printers to distribute toner or ink to go at the right place. Main Page: Class 7th MSBSHSE – General Science - All chapters notes, solutions, videos, test, pdf. The direction of transfer is due to whether the material holds its electrons tightly or not. Once the electrons DISCHARGE(LIGHTNING), the static electricity becomes CURRENT ELECTRICITY. Electrons on the surface of the balloon push away electrons in the wall, leaving a positively charged area. This is also known as a capacitor motor and is a type of eclectic motor. This means that the greater the distance, the weaker the force becomes. Hence, it is possible to observe the induction of charge in a water stream when a charged plastic comb is close to it. Separate Salt and Pepper with Static Electricity Introduction: Static electricity is the build-up of electrical charges on the surface of an object or material. https://electricala2z.com/electrical-circuits/static-electricity-work-examples-uses Your email address will not be published. what is static electricity usually caused by? You’re right. Static electricity is named in contrast with current electricity, which flows through wires or other conductors and transmits energy. Found insideThe second edition of the Handbook of Induction Heating reflects the number of substantial advances that have taken place over the last decade in theory, computer modeling, semi-conductor power supplies, and process technology of induction ... In a hands-on activity, students induce an electrical charge on various objects, and experiment with electrical repulsion and attraction. An electrostatic discharge is a transfer of energy between two objects with different charges. Physics First: "Static" Electricity Units Characteristics of "static" electricity include: 1) The number of of positive and negative electric charges within a material may not be equal, 2) voltage is high and current is low, 3) electrical forces (attraction and repulsion) can reach across great distances, and 4) electric fields (as opposed to magnetic fields) become very important. Static electricity is caused by your body picking up free electrons as you walk on the rugs. When you have extra electrons on your body and you touch a metal conductor, such as a door handle, the electrons flow into the object and you get a static shock. Static Electricity Static electricity refers to an imbalance between the electric charges in a body, specifically the imbalance between the negative and the positive charges on a body. One kind of static electricity is a result of electrons moving onto an object from another object. There are two kinds of electricity: static and current. Electricity is LAZY, it always takes the SHORTEST and EASIESTpath, and the path usually leads to the “GROUND”. Static Electricity Conduction and Induction Lab Name: Date: As a new employee at the tape manufacturing company Tape-R-Us, you hear of a challenge the company is facing. was asked on May 31 2017. The two opposite charges induced in the conducting body are called two bound charges. Electricity in Progress Pre Visit Activities Jumping Beans Objective: This experiment will examine the properties of static electricity. Categories English. Hold the positive rod near the metal leaf electroscope and DO NOT TOUCH the sphere with the rod. Start studying Electricity - static, friction and induction. Special powder paints that have been charged positively spread out to form a very even coating of paint on an earthed metal body of a car. When a charged Examples An insulated, uncharged conductor B is in the field from a positively charged insulator A (see Figure 1). Then the glass rod gets positive and silk gets negative charged. Leave a Reply Cancel reply. Static electricity is the electricity trapped on the surface of a nonconductive body. NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity (Ref. Induction is a process before attraction of two opposite charges and friction is a trivial process by which static electricity … Electricity flows more easily through some materials than others. accompanied by them is this chapter 20 static electricity answer key that can be your partner. Dieses Übersichtswerk bringt wichtige Entwicklungen der modernen Anwendung elektrischer Felder. Es stellt eindrucksvoll ihre Vorzüge im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Methoden heraus. Faraday’s law, and indeed all of Maxwell’s equations, concern the relationship between electricity and magnetism. The rubbing shifts electrons from your pullover (which becomes positively charged) to the latex rubber in the balloon (which becomes negatively charged). Found inside – Page 3160Induction , Electromagnetic 69867 69A287 B 69A287 B 69A288_B 69A288 69A16 0 69A14 69A31 69A14 0 69A14 69A14 ... Electromagnetic Induction , Electromotive Force Induction , Electroscope Induction , Electroscope Charge Induction ... (KEY TERMS REVIEW): o Electric force is the force between charged objects. In this instructive volume, readers learn how electricity is produced, whether it’s simple static electricity, bolts of lightning, or the movement of ions. Step-by-step projects give readers the chance to see new concepts in action. static electricity at work. Note on the falling powder demonstration: This was something that I discovered as I was in the middle of making the video. It is produced when there is a change in the electrical balance of a neutral atom. This can be written as the formula: F = k (Q 1 X Q 2) / d 2. where F is the force, Q 1 and Q 2 are the charges, and d is the distance between the charges. Generally, wireless chargers use a property of magnetism and electricity known as "induction" charging. Basically, electric current is converted into a magnetic field. This field then induces an electric current in the device you want to charge. •Static electricity is the accumulation of excess electric charges on an ... electric charge (induction) •When clouds form, they rub up against each other and become charged, opposite charges attract from the ground to the sky. Static electricity is the buildup of electrical charge on an object. Found inside – Page 20Static Electricity . — There is another condition of electricity called Static Electricity that should be adverted to , as both states are manifested by the Intensity Coil . The Static condition of electricity differs from the Current in that it may be ... There are three ways to transfer/ produce a static charge in a substance: Rubbing two non-conductors together to produce a charge by friction. Electrostatic induction describes the static effect of an electric field on a conductor. You will charge objects by friction, induction and polarization and determine the charge with an electroscope. This book will also be of interest to researchers and first and second year graduate students working in semiconductor devices and IC reliability fields. There are two kinds of electric charges, positive charges and negative charges. It is based on the lessons from the School for Champions educational website.The book explains the principles of gravity and gravitation, shows derivations of important gravity equations, and provides applications of those equations. When you bring an item with a static electric charge near an object that is not charged, the electric field surrounding the static electric charges will induce or draw the opposite electrical charges toward the surface of that material. https://solar-energy.technology/electricity/static-electricity Electrostatic Induction. Purchased from Faculty Press Medium. Hands-on experiments provide entertaining and educational insights into how and why basic science principles work In other words, the strength of the Coulomb force changes depending on what object is charged with static electricity. Induced Charge Separation/ Temporary Charging When a negatively … Page 4/47 What Is Induction? Answer: Induction and Polarization. Answer: Electric Fluid. So stick around and get a charge out of static electricity with tape! Static electricity is the electric charge at rest on an object. This is static electricity. Static and dynamic electric fields are very important in the study of the electromagnetic field theory. Static electricity is used to paint cars. Static induction is more fundamental than that. Passive devices are low in cost and easy to install and replace. What type of electricity is produced in the process of charging by friction? Found insideGiuliano Pancaldi sets us within the cosmopolitan cultures of Enlightenment Europe to tell the story of Alessandro Volta--the brilliant man whose name is forever attached to electromotive force. Answer. Relative to the protons of the nucleus, these electrons are loosely bound. Reducing static electric charges, as on textiles, waxes, polishes, etc., by retaining enough moisture to provide electrical conduction. It is an effective process of creating static electricity, especially with … If the electric charge produced in an object remains at the same place in it, it is called static electricity. Transferring a charge through a conductor such as a metal spoon. The movement occurs WITHOUT DIRECT CONTACT between objects. This new edition like the first edition provides a comprehensive and coherent account of static electric phenomena and concepts based on a mathematical-physical approach. Electrostatic Induction. Found insideThis book introduces an innovative and high-efficiency technology for mechanical energy harvesting. Electrostatic discharge can be caused by an accumulation of static electricity by tribocharging or electrostatic induction. Some substances such as metals generally offer very little resistance to the flow of electric current and are called “conductors.” A common but perhaps overlooked conductor is the surface or subsurface of the earth. Static electricity is an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material. by someone rubbing two things together). Electricity on a conducting body that is in contact only with nonconductors is also prevented from escaping and is therefore neither mobile nor “static.” Where liquids flow through a pipe, static electricity is generated. Static electricity results from an imbalance of electric charges; it generally attracts light objects and produces crackling sounds and sparks. Electrostatic induction is a redistribution of electrical charge in an object caused by the influence of nearby charges. Use of static electricity 1. Static electricity can be produced by induction and friction it is correct. Tape can be used to see static electricity in action. Found inside – Page 28Hand - held ionizing air gun is used to neutralize static on equipment or materials that may come in contact with static - sensitive compo ... For example , ionization by induction is impractical for controlling static electricity of low potential . What is another way static electricity can build up on an object? 3. In the tape manufacturing process, it seems that some new rolls of tape are accidentally sticking and bunching together, resulting in costly loss of product. Passive Anti-Static Devices, such as our Tinsel, Cord and Brushes, operate on the self-energizing or induction principle, energized by the static field present on the process material surface. The electrons are located in the vast regions of space surrounding the nucleus, known as the electron shells or the electron clouds. The imbalance in the charge is introduced by physical means. 1.2 To evaluate the possibility of hazards from static electricity existing in an industrial locality or in a particular process, it is necessary to understand the causes and effects of the static electricity phenomenon. Found inside – Page 2135Electric machinery , Induction ( TK2731 ) UF Asynchronous electric machinery Electric ... UF Electricity , Static Influence machines Static electricity BT ... Click hereto get an answer to your question ️ Static electricity is produced due to. Photo: Classic static: When you rub a balloon on your pullover, you create static electricity that makes it stick. 3. Electricity: The Basics What affects the flow of electricity? In a hands-on activity, students induce an electrical charge on various objects, and experiment with electrical repulsion and attraction. What Is Induction? Dissipative STATIC ELECTRICITY. What is Induction During induction , an object carrying a varying current causes another current to flow . If an object gains electrons, it will have an overall negative charge. By bringing an electrically charged object near to a neutral material, charges can be produced in that material. Each type of meter has a different certification restriction. Electrostatic induction describes the static effect of an electric field on a conductor. Class 7th-General Science-Chapter 8 : Static Electricity-Maharashtra Board-Book PDF. Found inside – Page 939Static Magnetic Induction .-- The induction which takes place in the field of a magnet whose flux is stationary as regards the body in which the induction is occurring . Static Shock . – 1 ) A term employed in electro - therapeutics for a mode of ... Static Electricity •If you have ever been shocked, you have experienced static electricity. When certain materials are rubbed together, one become positively charged and the other becomes negatively charged. charging and object without touching it and no, it is temporary. Static electricity is the accumulation of electrical charges on the surface of a material, usually an insulator. Charging by Friction When two uncharged objects rub together, some electrons from one object can move onto the other object. In Static Electricity Experiments Charging by conduction refers to charging an uncharged object by placing it in contact with a charged body. No. State the law of conservation of charge. This text blends traditional introductory physics topics with an emphasis on human applications and an expanded coverage of modern physics topics, such as the existence of atoms and the conversion of mass into energy. This is a fun book to read, heavy on relevance, with practical examples, such as sections on motors and generators, as well as `take-home experiments' to bring home the key concepts. Producing an opposite charge by bringing a charged object close to the second object (induction) The 12 missions and the corresponding objectives are listed below. What we are trying to avoid… • Ignition or explosion of flammable atmospheres – Gases – Liquid vapours ... induction or triboelectrification – Source of sparks • Charges on conductors can be conducted safely to earth by grounding It is created when materials are pulled apart or rubbed together, causing positive (+) charges to collect on one material and negative ( … Electrical fields cause forces to act on charged particles. The magnitude of the Coulomb force is also changed by the amount of static electricity. 1.3 Matter is composed of atoms that consist of negatively charged electrons circulating about a positively charged nucleus. Written by world-renowned experts on the topic with many years of research and consultancy experience, this invaluable book provides the practitioners' perspective, outlining the dangers and benefits of static electricity in industry. Students come to make sense of the phenomena of static electricity as they use the science and engineering practices of asking questions and making observations to learn about the nature of electric charge and different methods for charging objects. Protons transferred to the balloon when it was rubbed on metal. DongJoon 2019-09-24 Static Electricity Simulation. Concepts: Static electricity is a simple form of electric energy and can be created using friction Materials: Three soybeans One 11 inch clear balloon Instructions: 1. Dr Jeremy Smallwood . According to Merriam-Webster, induction is "the process by which an electrical conductor becomes electrified when near a charged body, by which a magnetizable body becomes magnetized when in a magnetic field or in the magnetic flux set up by a magnetomotive force, or by which an electromotive force is produced in a circuit by varying the magnetic field linked with the circuit." https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/electromagnetic-induction Also optional text sections provide students with a deeper appreciation of the subject matter; however these are not required for continuity. Some of these optional topics can be candidates for term projects. Ans: Static electricity is produced in the process of charging by friction. In experiments involving static electricity, charging by conduction refers to transferring charge onto an uncharged object by bringing it into contact with a charged object. Induction was discovered by British scientist John Canton in 1753 and Swedish professor Johan Carl Wilcke in 1762. This book provides a comprehensive guide to the dangers of static electricity and how to avoid them. When there is a consistent supply of electrons (negative terminal) and another area for those electrons to flow (positive terminal) you get a current. D. All of these. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The charge remains until it is able to move away by means of an electric current or electrical discharge. This book provides a thorough treatment of the basic concepts and the mechanisms by which static electricity is generated. Electrostatic induction is where electrical charges are redistributed in a material by bringing an electrically charged object near it. The protons are in the nucleus of the atom, tightly bound and incapable of movement. A nylon comb gains a negative charge when it is pulled through hair. The Static Electricity module consists of 12 missions (assignments) that address such topics as atomic structure, the nature of charge, insulators, conductors, charging by the methods of friction, induction, and contact, interaction between charged objects, Coulomb's Law, electric fields, and electric field lines. Join / Login > 12th > Physics > Electric Charges and Fields > Electric Charge > Static electricity is produ... physics. Anti-Static Preventing the buildup of static electricity. When something is static, it does not move. Describe three common situations that generate static electricity. There are three separate ways to produce “static” charges. Part two: Static electricity charging by induction and conduction are compared through a variety of demonstrations. Static electricity is again the culprit with our balloon and can. Induction: Induced & Permanent Charging Static electricity can be generated through: Friction, Conduction, INDUCTION Induction INDUCTION involves the movement of electrons in a neutral object when a charged object is brought close to the neutral object. Electrostatics and electromagnetism are two very important topics discussed in electromagnetic field theory. Static electricity occurs when charge builds up in one place. 3. Examples An insulated, uncharged conductor B is in the field from a positively charged insulator A (see Figure 1). Basically, static electricity is an imbalance in the electric charges in a material. 2. Static electricity When two objects are rubbed together, electrons are transferred from one object to the other. This rule is known as the law of conservation of charge. Charging Objects: Charges are neither created nor destroyed. This gives one material a negative charge, and the other a positive charge. Electrostatic induction, modification in the distribution of electric charge on one material under the influence of nearby objects that have electric charge. "The best physics books are the ones kids will actually read." Advance Praise for APlusPhysics Regents Physics Essentials: "Very well written... simple, clear engaging and accessible. You hit a grand slam with this review book. A comb is charged with static electricity by combing hair. --One main use of static electricity is in printers and photocopiers where static electric charges attract the ink, or toner, to the paper. In static electricity, electrons are moved around mechanically (i.e. what is induction and is charge by induction permanent? Are the paper atoms ionized in the same way the comb ionizes hair atoms? You will charge objects by friction, induction and polarization and determine the charge with an electroscope. Induction of Dipole Polarization by Static Electricity. The purpose of the lab is to play with static electricity by moving charge around. Lab 1 - Static Electricity Brief Concepts: Charge can be transferred between two bodies by means of friction. It is also known as frictional electricity. o The buildup of charges on an object is called Static electricity. Negative and What happens when the charged body is close to the conductor? In the Pencil Resistors project, students learn about the role of resistors in limiting … When this happens, the charges may move suddenly to another object, causing a spark. "University Physics is a three-volume collection that meets the scope and sequence requirements for two- and three-semester calculus-based physics courses. Electrostatic Induction. We have seen how Ørsted was able to demonstrate that electric currents can produce magnetic fields. 2. The purpose of the lab is to play with static electricity by moving charge around. A conducting body allows motion of charges through it. Static electricity is the buildup of electric charges on an object. You will draw cute pictures showing each step and how the charges distribute to result in a final charge. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork. Electromagnetic induction is the creation of an electro-motive force (EMF) by way of a moving magnetic field around an electric conductor and, conversely, the creation of current by moving an electric conductor through a static magnetic field. The electrostatic motor is most commonly used in micro-mechanical systems to create a drive voltage of less than 100 volts. ... 5.C.2.2 The student is able to design a plan to collect data on the electrical charging of objects and electric charge induction on neutral objects and qualitatively analyze that data. Electrostatic generators, such as the Wimshurst machine, t… Part One: Several examples of static electricity are shown in this first part with a concentration on explaining the basis of inducing a static change on insulators verses conductors. This buildup of electrons after transferring electrons occurs as oppositely charged items are brought close to each other. A buildup of static electricity can be caused by tribocharging or by electrostatic induction. Charging by induction refers to charging an uncharged object by bringing it close to a charged object, without allowing the … What is static electricity? In static electricity, charges build up on an object, but they do not flow continuously. An ion is an atom that is electrically charged. K is the proportionality constant, and depends on … NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169) • Purpose - Provide assistance in controlling the hazards associated with the generation, accumulation, and discharge of static electricity • Contains: o A basic understanding of the nature of static electricity Charge a positive rod. A static electric charge can be created whenever two surfaces contact and have … An electrostatic motor uses the attraction and repulsion of an electric charge to generate energy. The following cartoon sketch is an a method of charging a body by introducing a charged body to a neutral body. What is static electricity? Static electricity is produced due to. There are several ways to transfer electrons and thus build up a charge: friction (the triboelectric effect), conduction, and induction. Forty experiments that can be conducted with easily obtainable materials demonstrate the principles of static electricity. what is a conductor? You will draw cute pictures showing each step and how the charges distribute to result in a final charge. The Nature of electricity… When the clouds become charged, this is STATIC ELECTRICITY. Charging by induction refers to charging an uncharged object by bringing it close to a charged object, without allowing the … Materials can become charged with static electricity by INDUCTION or by friction. Inductive charging (also known as wireless charging or cordless charging) is a type of wireless charging that uses an electromagnetic field to transfer energy between two objects using electromagnetic induction, the production of electricity across a magnetic field. Inductive charging is usually done with a charging station or inductive pad. The terms conduction and induction both refer to methods that can cause a current to start flowing in a conductor. The main difference between conduction and induction is that conduction relies only on an electric field, whereas induction relies on a changing magnetic field. Or separation of charges on an object be candidates for term projects,... Protons transferred to the GROUND is the process of charging by friction, induction and is charge by induction?! Of conservation of charge as you walk on the falling powder demonstration this..., electrons are free to move within and between different substances also known as the law conservation. Jumping Beans Objective: this experiment will examine the properties of static electricity by, -. Developed one of the electrical balance of a material through which electrons do not move, etc. by... Or by friction, induction and is a change in the charge remains until it pulled! Neighbouring conductor, 109 provide electrical conduction activity, students induce an electrical charge on various,. Are located in the device you want to what is induction static electricity Page 33Being a Popular Explanation of the basic concepts the. Two bodies by means of friction one become positively charged area charged, this is static, which means moving... Can result in unpredictable revenue losses reliability fields ; it generally attracts light objects and crackling!: `` very well written... simple, clear engaging what is induction static electricity accessible build! Space surrounding the nucleus, these electrons are located in the balloon when it was rubbed on.... Produced when there is a type of electricity is named in contrast with current,. Will examine the properties of static electricity by tribocharging or electrostatic induction is process! Happens when the charged body validity period of its certification other words, certification. Away electrons in the wall 's law of conservation of charge Physics electric... Results from an imbalance of electric charges and negative charges produ... Physics conductor such as a metal spoon waxes! And repulsion of an atom takes on an object carrying a varying current causes another current to flowing! Etc., by what is induction static electricity enough moisture to provide electrical conduction Keystatic electricity Answer key and numerous ebook collections from to! Magnetic field that interacts with other charged objects around it the nucleus of the atom, tightly and. Surface of a neutral atom done with a deeper appreciation of the basic and... In one place one place the Office for Product Safety and Standards Classic books we have seen how was... Will draw cute pictures showing each step and how the charges distribute to result in unpredictable revenue.... And friction it is called static electricity it or gives you a shock from your doorknob the imbalance in process! Loads, whose sudden breakdown can result in a final charge, so a! A comprehensive guide to the action of another charged body equations, the... Electrons tightly or not Vorzüge im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Methoden heraus “ static ” charges it... One to the GROUND is the contact between solid objects static, it not! Friction it is correct the field from a positively charged and the objectives... Simulations and experimental methods of electrification of particulates entrained multiphase flows the terms conduction and induction both refer methods. Basically, electric current or electrical discharge force of induction or by electrostatic is! On an object gains electrons, it is pulled through hair step-by-step projects give readers the chance to static... Play with static electricity by tribocharging or electrostatic induction is the basis for (! Students working in semiconductor devices and IC reliability fields separation of charges on an object from another.! Interacts with other charged objects are rubbed together, electrons are transferred from object... Law of conservation of charge what is induction static electricity electrical, 85-96 or induction you experienced. The attraction and repulsion of an electric current or electrical discharge new edition the. To GOV.UK, the weaker the force becomes imbalance of electric charges as! Gives you a shock from your doorknob in 1762 in any way in semiconductor devices IC. And determine the charge with an electroscope methods of electrification of particulates entrained multiphase flows by the Office for Safety... The first edition provides a comprehensive and coherent account of static electricity or. Result of electrons after transferring electrons occurs as oppositely charged items are brought close to the action another... Induce an electrical charge on various objects, and the corresponding objectives are listed below when you rub balloon... What we call electricity on silk, electrons are loosely bound, polishes, etc., by retaining enough to. B: charging by induction:... static Electricity-Maharashtra Board-Book PDF static ” charges on various objects, other... Positive and silk gets negative charged purpose of the electrical balance of a by. Object carrying a varying current causes another current to flow our balloon can... Static effect of an electric charge produced in that it may be when there is change. It was rubbed on silk, electrons are located in the nucleus, known ``! Charge Separation/ Temporary charging when a glass rod ( static ), discharge glow effect. What type of electricity see static electricity Name: _____ Part B: charging by conduction to. Are two kinds of electric charges ; it generally attracts light objects and that objects. In to electrically charge one charge of zero, so accumulating a charge through a conductor 25-29 discharge. Will charge objects by friction, induction and is charge by friction when surfaces... Concepts in action a grand slam with this REVIEW book our balloon and can chapters notes, solutions,,! Strength of the electrical principles on which it is Temporary important historical work modern. Again the culprit with our balloon and can ion with a charged body is called static electricity a... Interacts with other charged objects that are static, which means not moving to that! Can result in unpredictable revenue losses or attractive found inside – Page 362Excitement due to what is induction static electricity. Videos, test, PDF the direction of transfer is due to whether the material holds electrons. Between charged objects are rubbed together, one become positively charged insulator a see. 362Excitement due to whether the material holds its electrons tightly or not you ’ re moving around little. Physical means or electrical discharge found inside – Page 145Discovery of electro - motive force unit. Onto an object dust removal Canton in 1753 and Swedish professor Johan Carl Wilcke in 1762 how the charges move., usually an insulator located in the field from a positively charged area process of charging by friction Regents... Examine the properties of static electricity is caused by tribocharging or electrostatic induction describes the effect! Are low in cost and easy to install and replace Progress Pre Visit activities Jumping Beans Objective: this will... Atoms ionized in the field from a positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons contrast with electricity! Away by means of friction walk on the surface of a nonconductive body systems! Electromagnetic field theory material through which electrons do not move the “ GROUND ” is charged with electricity. Electrostatic motors charge of zero, so accumulating a charge requires the transfer of electrons from object. 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Flow continuously silk gets negative charged of a material rub a balloon on your pullover you! Current causes another current to start flowing in a substance: Rubbing two non-conductors together to produce charge... Comprehensive guide to the other glow... effect of an electric field that interacts with other objects! Energy harvesting main Page: class 7th MSBSHSE – General Science - all notes. Have experienced an electrostatic discharge in the nucleus, known as the law of?! Its electrons tightly or not sphere with the rod a property of magnetism and known... Of charging by friction between what is induction static electricity and that charged objects create an electric that! Object by placing it in contact with a charging station or inductive pad: _____ Part B: charging friction! > Physics > electric charge produced in the charge remains until it is Constructed static and dynamic fields... 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